668 CHAPTER 24. THE BOCHNER INTEGRAL

(ek (ω) ,e j (ω))H = 0 if k ̸= j,

A(ω)ek (ω) = λ k (ω)ek (ω) ,

|λ n (ω)| ≥ |λ n+1 (ω)| for all n,

limn→∞

λ n (ω) = 0,

limn→∞

∥∥∥∥∥A(ω)−n

∑k=1

λ k (ω)(ek (ω)⊗ ek (ω))

∥∥∥∥∥L (H,H)

= 0.

The function ω → λ j (ω) is measurable and ω → e j (ω) is strongly measurable.

Proof: It is simply a repeat of the above proof of the Hilbert Schmidt theorem exceptat every step when the ek and λ k are defined, you use the Kuratowski measurable selectiontheorem, Theorem 24.3.4 on Page 663 to obtain λ k (ω) is measurable and that ω → ek (ω)is also measurable. This follows because the closed unit ball in a separable Hilbert space isa compact metric space.

When you consider maxx∈B |(An (ω)x,x)| , let ψ (x,ω) = |(An (ω)x,x)| . Then ψ is con-tinuous in x by Lemma 24.3.6 on Page 664 and it is measurable in ω by assumption. There-fore, by the Kuratowski theorem, ek (ω) is measurable in the sense that inverse images ofweakly open sets in B are measurable. However, by Lemma 24.1.12 on Page 651 this isthe same as weakly measurable. Since H is separable, this implies ω → ek (ω) is alsostrongly measurable. The measurability of λ k and ek is the only new thing here and so thiscompletes the proof. ■

24.4 Fubini’s Theorem for Bochner IntegralsNow suppose (Ω1,F ,µ) and (Ω2,S ,λ ) are two σ finite measure spaces. Recall the notionof product measure. There was a σ algebra, denoted by F ×S which is the smallest σ

algebra containing the elementary sets, (finite disjoint unions of measurable rectangles) anda measure, denoted by µ×λ defined on this σ algebra such that for E ∈F ×S ,

s1→ λ (Es1) , (Es1 ≡ {s2 : (s1,s2) ∈ E})

is µ measurable and

s2→ µ (Es2) , (Es2 ≡ {s1 : (s1,s2) ∈ E})

is λ measurable. In terms of nonnegative functions which are F ×S measurable,

s1 → f (s1,s2) is µ measurable,s2 → f (s1,s2) is λ measurable,

s1 →∫

Ω2

f (s1,s2)dλ is µ measurable,

s2 →∫

Ω1

f (s1,s2)dµ is λ measurable,

and the conclusion of Fubini’s theorem holds.∫Ω1×Ω2

f d (µ×λ ) =∫

Ω1

∫Ω2

f (s1,s2)dλdµ

=∫

Ω2

∫Ω1

f (s1,s2)dµdλ .

668 CHAPTER 24. THE BOCHNER INTEGRAL(ex (@) €;(@)) 4, =O fk F j,A(@) ex (@) = Ax (@) ex (@),|An(@)| > |An+i (@)| for all n,lim An(@) =0,=0.(HH)limn—yooA(@) — py At (0) (e4(@) ex ())The function @ —> A; (@) is measurable and @ — e; (@) is strongly measurable.Proof: It is simply a repeat of the above proof of the Hilbert Schmidt theorem exceptat every step when the e; and A; are defined, you use the Kuratowski measurable selectiontheorem, Theorem 24.3.4 on Page 663 to obtain A; (@) is measurable and that @ > e; (@)is also measurable. This follows because the closed unit ball in a separable Hilbert space isa compact metric space.When you consider maxyepg |(An (@)x,x)|, let w(x, @) = |(An (@)x,x)|. Then y is con-tinuous in x by Lemma 24.3.6 on Page 664 and it is measurable in @ by assumption. There-fore, by the Kuratowski theorem, e; (@) is measurable in the sense that inverse images ofweakly open sets in B are measurable. However, by Lemma 24.1.12 on Page 651 this isthe same as weakly measurable. Since H is separable, this implies @ — e,(@) is alsostrongly measurable. The measurability of A, and e; is the only new thing here and so thiscompletes the proof.24.4 Fubini’s Theorem for Bochner IntegralsNow suppose (Q),.¥, 1) and (Q2,.%,/) are two o finite measure spaces. Recall the notionof product measure. There was a o algebra, denoted by ¥ x .Y which is the smallest oalgebra containing the elementary sets, (finite disjoint unions of measurable rectangles) anda measure, denoted by pu x A defined on this o algebra such that for E € F x .Y,51 OA (E;,), (Es, = {82 : (81,52) € E})is W measurable and82 + U(Es,), (Es, = {51 : (81,52) € E})is A measurable. In terms of nonnegative functions which are ¥ x .% measurable,5; —> f (s1,52) is WU measurable,s2 —> f (81,52) is A measurable,Ss. oS / f (81,52) dA is pW measurable,QysO | f (81,82) dp is A measurable,Qyand the conclusion of Fubini’s theorem holds.Dg SAUD = [ [) flsvs)aadu= [, f flsvsanaa.