2.4. EXERCISES 65

(a) tanx(b) cotx(c) secx

(d) cscx

(e) cosx

10. Solve the equations and give all solutions.

(a) sin(3x) =12

(b) cos(5x) =

√3

2(c) tan(x) =

√3

(d) sec(x) = 2

(e) sin(x+7) =

√2

2

(f) cos2 (x) =12

(g) sin4 (x) = 4

11. Sketch a graph of y = sinx.

12. Sketch a graph of y = cosx.

13. Sketch a graph of y = sin2x.

14. Sketch a graph of y = tanx.

15. Find a formula for sinxcosy in terms of sines and cosines of x+ y and x− y.

16. Using Problem 2 graph y = cos2 x.

17. If f (x) = Acosαx+Bsinαx, show there exists φ such that

f (x) =√

A2 +B2 sin(αx+φ) .

Show there also exists ψ such that f (x) =√

A2 +b2 cos(αx−ψ) . This is a veryimportant result, enough that some of these quantities are given names.

√A2 +B2 is

called the amplitude and φ or ψ are called phase shifts.

18. Using Problem 17 graph y = sinx+√

3cosx.

19. Give all solutions to sinx+√

3cosx =√

3. Hint: Use Problem 18.

20. As noted above 45o is the same angle as π/4 radians. Explain why 90o is the sameangle as π/2 radians. Next find a simple formula which will change the degreemeasure of an angle to radian measure and radian measure into degree measure.

21. Find a formula for tan(θ +β ) in terms of tanθ and tanβ

22. Find a formula for tan(2θ) in terms of tanθ .

23. Find a formula for tan(

θ

2

)in terms of tanθ .

24. Show tan(4θ) =4tanθ −4tan3 θ

1−6tan2 θ + tan4 θ. Use to show that

π

4= 4arctan

(15

)− arctan

(1

239

).