268 CHAPTER 14. VECTOR VALUED FUNCTIONS OF ONE VARIABLE

14.4.3 Another Notation For Line IntegralsDefinition 14.4.15 Let F (x,y,z) = (P(x,y,z) ,Q(x,y,z) ,R(x,y,z)) and let C be an ori-ented curve. Then another way to write

∫C F ·dR is∫

CPdx+Qdy+Rdz

This last is referred to as the integral of a differential form, Pdx+Qdy+Rdz. Thestudy of differential forms is important. Formally, d R= (dx,dy,dz) and so the integrandin the above is formally F ·dR. Other occurrences of this notation are handled similarly in2 or higher dimensions.

14.5 Exercises1. Let r (t) =

(ln(t) , t2

2 ,√

2t)

for t ∈ [1,2]. Find the length of this curve.

2. Let r (t) =( 2

3 t3/2, t, t)

for t ∈ [0,1]. Find the length of this curve.

3. Let r (t) = (t,cos(3t) ,sin(3t)) for t ∈ [0,1]. Find the length of this curve.

4. Suppose for t ∈ [0,π] the position of an object is given by r (t) = ti+ cos(2t)j+sin(2t)k. Also suppose there is a force field defined on R3, which is given by theformula F (x,y,z)≡ 2xyi+

(x2 +2zy

)j+ y2k. Find the work

∫C F ·dR where C is

the curve traced out by this object having the orientation determined by the directionof increasing t.

5. In the following, a force field is specified followed by the parametrization of a curve.Find the work.

(a) F = (x,y,z) ,r (t) =(t, t2, t +1

), t ∈ [0,1]

(b) F = (x− y,y+ z,z) ,r (t) = (cos(t) , t,sin(t)) , t ∈ [0,π]

(c) F =(x2,y2,z+ x

),r (t) =

(t,2t, t + t2

), t ∈ [0,1]

(d) F = (z,y,x) ,r (t) =(t2,2t, t

), t ∈ [0,1]

6. The curve consists of straight line segments which go from (0,0,0) to (1,1,1) andfinally to (1,2,3). Find the work done if the force field is

(a) F =(2xy,x2 +2y,1

)(b) F =

(yz2,xz2,2xyz+1

)(c) F = (cosx,−siny,1)

(d) F =(2xsiny,x2 cosy,1

)7. ∗Read ahead about the gradient in Definition 16.3.5 on Page 290. Show the vector

fields in the preceding problems are respectively

∇(x2y+ y2 + z

),∇(xyz2 + z

),∇(sinx+ cosy+ z−1)

268 CHAPTER 14. VECTOR VALUED FUNCTIONS OF ONE VARIABLE14.4.3 Another Notation For Line IntegralsDefinition 14.4.15 Let F (x,y,z) = (P(x,y,z),Q (x,y,z) ,R(x,y,z)) and let C be an ori-ented curve. Then another way to write [. F -dR is| Pdx + Ody + RazCThis last is referred to as the integral of a differential form, Pdx + Qdy + Rdz. Thestudy of differential forms is important. Formally, d R = (dx,dy,dz) and so the integrandin the above is formally F’-dR. Other occurrences of this notation are handled similarly in2 or higher dimensions.14.5 Exercises1. Let r(t) = (in (t), C, v2) for t € [1,2]. Find the length of this curve.2. Let r(t) = (323/7,1,1) for ¢ € [0,1]. Find the length of this curve.3. Let r (t) = (t,cos (3r) ,sin(3t)) for ¢ € [0, 1]. Find the length of this curve.4. Suppose for t € [0,2] the position of an object is given by r (tf) = té+cos(2r) 7 +sin (2t) k. Also suppose there is a force field defined on R*, which is given by theformula F (x,y,z) = 2xyi+ (x° + 2zy) j +y?k. Find the work {, F -dR where C isthe curve traced out by this object having the orientation determined by the directionof increasing f.5. In the following, a force field is specified followed by the parametrization of a curve.Find the work.(a) F = (x,y,z), r(t) = (t,°,t+1),1 € [0,1](b) F = (x—y,y+z,z),r(t) = (cos(t) ,t,sin(t)) ,t € [0, 7](c) F= (x, y’,z4+x) v(t) = (¢,20,04+0) , € [0,1](d) F = (z,y,x),r(t) = (07, 2t,t) ,t € [0,1]6. The curve consists of straight line segments which go from (0,0,0) to (1,1,1) andfinally to (1,2,3). Find the work done if the force field is(a) F=((b) F=((c) F = (cosx, —siny, 1)(d) F = (2xsiny,x? cosy, 1)2xy,x* + 2y, 1)y2,xz, 2xyz+ 1)7. *Read ahead about the gradient in Definition 16.3.5 on Page 290. Show the vectorfields in the preceding problems are respectivelyV(xey+y? +z) ,V (xyz? +z), V (sinx+cosy+z—1)