29.12. THE CASE OF W 1,p 1051

Ω will be a bounded open set. By Theorem 26.6.10, h may be considered continuous andit satisfies

Dh(x) exists a.e., (29.12.69)

For any p > n,lim

m→∞D(h∗ψm) = Dh in Lp (Rn;Rn×n) (29.12.70)

where ψm is a mollifier. Here Rn×n denotes the n×n matrices with any norm you like.

Proposition 29.12.1 Let S⊆ h(∂Ω)C such that

dist(S,h(∂Ω))> 0

where Ω is a bounded open set and also let h be in W 1,p (Rn;Rn). Then whenever ε > 0 issmall enough,

d (h,Ω,y) =∫

φ ε (h(x)−y)detDh(x)dx

for all y ∈ S.

Proof: Let ε0 > 0 be small enough that for all y ∈ S,

B(y,3ε0)∩h(∂Ω) = /0.

Now let ψm be a mollifier as m→ ∞ with support in B(0,m−1

)and let

hm ≡ h∗ψm.

Thus hm ∈C∞(Ω;Rn

)and,

||hm−h||L∞(Ω) , ||Dhm−Dh||Lp(Ω)→ 0 (29.12.71)

as m→∞. The first claim above follows from the definition of convolution and the uniformcontinuity of h on the compact set Ω and the second follows by 29.12.70. Choose M suchthat for m≥M,

||hm−h||L∞(Ω) < ε0. (29.12.72)

Thus hm ∈Uy∩C2(Ω;Rn

)for all y ∈ S.

For y ∈ S, let z ∈ B(y,ε) where ε < ε0 and suppose x ∈ ∂Ω, and k,m ≥M. Then fort ∈ [0,1] ,

|(1− t)hm (x)+hk (x) t− z| ≥ |hm (x)− z|− t |hk (x)−hm (x)|> 2ε0− t2ε0 ≥ 0

showing that for each y ∈ S, B(y,ε)∩ ((1− t)hm + thk)(∂Ω) = /0. By Lemma 23.1.11, forall y ∈ S, ∫

φ ε (hm (x)−y)det(Dhm (x))dx =∫Ω

φ ε (hk (x)−y)det(Dhk (x))dx (29.12.73)

29.12. THE CASE OFW!? 1051Q will be a bounded open set. By Theorem 26.6.10, h may be considered continuous andit satisfiesDh (x) exists a.e., (29.12.69)For any p >n,lim D (h«y,,) = Dh in L? (R";R"*") (29.12.70)m—-oowhere y,,, is a mollifier. Here R”’*” denotes the n x n matrices with any norm you like.Proposition 29.12.1 Let SC h(dQ)© such thatdist (S,h(0Q)) >0where Q. is a bounded open set and also let h be in W'? (IR"; IR"). Then whenever € > 0 issmall enough,d(h,Q,y) = I , (h(x) —y) det Dh (x) dxforally €S.Proof: Let €9 > 0 be small enough that for all y € S,B(y,3€9) Mh(9Q) = 0.Now let y,,, be a mollifier as m —> ee with support in B (0,m~') and leth, =hey,,.Thus h,, € C® (Q;R”) and,[Bn — |p) + [|DBm — Dh |,p¢<) > 0 (29.12.71)as m — oe, The first claim above follows from the definition of convolution and the uniformcontinuity of h on the compact set Q and the second follows by 29.12.70. Choose M suchthat form > M,\|h,, —h| IL=() < €o. (29.12.72)Thus h,, € ZC? (Q;R") for ally € S.For y € S, let z € B(y,€) where € < € and suppose x € 0Q, and k,m > M. Then fort€ [0,1],(Lt) Bm (x) +hy (x)t— 2) 2 [ym (x) — 2] 1 |g (x) — Bn (X)|> 2€) —t2€) >0showing that for each y € S, B(y,€)O((1—t) hy, + thy) (9Q) = 0. By Lemma 23.1.11, forally €S,[$6 (tm (8) —y) det (Dh (x)) de =L @- (hy (x) — y) det (Dh, (x)) dx (29.12.73)