38.5. THE TRACE ON THE BOUNDARY OF A HALF SPACE 1317

and s > 0, ∫Rn−1

(1+∣∣y′∣∣2)s ∣∣Fγu

(y′)∣∣2 dy′

= Cn

∫Rn−1

(1+∣∣y′∣∣2)s

∣∣∣∣∫RFu(y′,yn

)dyn

∣∣∣∣2 dy′

=Cn

∫Rn−1

(1+∣∣y′∣∣2)s

∣∣∣∣∫RFu(y′,yn

)(1+ |y|2

)t/2(1+ |y|2

)−t/2dyn

∣∣∣∣2 dy′

Then by the Cauchy Schwarz inequality,

≤Cn

∫Rn−1

(1+∣∣y′∣∣2)s ∫

R

∣∣Fu(y′,yn

)∣∣2(1+ |y|2)t

dyn

∫R

(1+ |y|2

)−tdyndy′.

(38.5.17)Consider ∫

R

(1+ |y|2

)−tdyn =

∫R

(1+∣∣y′∣∣2 + y2

n

)−tdyn

by Lemma 38.5.2 and taking a =(

1+ |y′|2)1/2

, this equals

Ct

((1+∣∣y′∣∣2)1/2

)−2t+1

=Ct

(1+∣∣y′∣∣2)(−2t+1)/2

.

Now using this in 38.5.17,∫Rn−1

(1+∣∣y′∣∣2)s ∣∣Fγu

(y′)∣∣2 dy′

≤ Cn,t

∫Rn−1

(1+∣∣y′∣∣2)s ∫

R

∣∣Fu(y′,yn

)∣∣2(1+ |y|2)t

dyn ·(1+∣∣y′∣∣2)(−2t+1)/2

dy′

= Cn,t

∫Rn−1

(1+∣∣y′∣∣2)s+(−2t+1)/2 ∫

R

∣∣Fu(y′,yn

)∣∣2(1+ |y|2)t

dyndy′.

What is the correct choice of t so that the above reduces to ∥u∥2Ht (Rn)? It is clearly the one

for whichs+(−2t +1)/2 = 0

which occurs when t = s+ 12 . Then for this choice of t, the following inequality is obtained

for any u ∈S.∥γu∥Ht−1/2(Rn−1) ≤Cn,t ∥u∥Ht (Rn) . (38.5.18)

This has proved part of the following theorem.

Theorem 38.5.4 For each t > 1/2 there exists a unique mapping

γ ∈L(

Ht (Rn) ,Ht−1/2 (Rn−1))which has the property that for u ∈S, γu(x′) = u(x′,0) . In addition to this, γ is onto. Infact, there exists a continuous map, ζ ∈L

(Ht−1/2

(Rn−1

),Ht (Rn)

)such that γ ◦ζ = id.

38.5. THE TRACE ON THE BOUNDARY OF A HALF SPACE 1317and s > 0,[. GAWe) emo ra’7 Gf. (1+?) | [ru (y',yn) dyn °=f. (1+ly'?)'| [putyon) (Ley) (4 bP) aeThen by the Cauchy Schwarz inequality,<Cy [... (1 + vr) f |Fu (y’,yn) |? (1 + yl) avn f, (1 + yr) * dyndy.(38.5.17)[ (+t) am =f (lely' P+ on) “am1/2by Lemma 38.5.2 and taking a = (1 + iy?) , this equalsdy’2dy’Consider1/2\ ~2e+1 (—2r-+1)/2G((1+ly/’) ) =G(1+|yP) 0.Now using this in 38.5.17,Ss[. (+l P) em) Pay’S tCu [ (1+ly/”) [|r (y’.yn)|° (1+\yI’) dyn:(1 n y’(’) (-2r+1)/2 wy° st+(—2t+1)/2 t= uf (+l?) [\Fu(yon)P (4?) dynaIAWhat is the correct choice of ft so that the above reduces to leellzaeceny? It is clearly the onefor whichs+(—2t+1)/2=0which occurs when t = s+ 5. Then for this choice of ¢, the following inequality is obtainedfor any uc G.7 -v/2(sn-t) < Cra lat (38.5.18)This has proved part of the following theorem.Theorem 38.5.4 For each t > 1/2 there exists a unique mappingye Sf (H" (R") Ht 1/2 (R""'))which has the property that for u € G, yu(x') = u(x’,0). In addition to this, y is onto. Infact, there exists a continuous map, € € &@ (At 1/2 (R"~') ,H"(IR")) such that yo € = id.