2286 CHAPTER 66. THE INTEGRAL∫ t

0 (Y,dM)H

From the above definition, for each ω off a suitable set of measure zero, from Lemma66.0.13,∫ t∧σ

0(Y,dM) ≡ lim

p→∞

∫ t∧σ

0

(X[0,τ p]Y,dMτ p

)= lim

p→∞

∫ t

0

(X[0,τ p]X[0,σ ]Y,dMτ p

)≡∫ t

0

(X[0,σ ]Y,dM

)Finally, consider the claim about the quadratic variation. Using 66.0.6,[(∫ (·)

0(Y,dM)

)]τ p

(t) =

[(∫ (·)

0(Y,dM)

)τ p](t) =

[∫ (·)

0

(X[0,τ p]Y,dMτ p

)](t)

≤∫ t

0

∥∥∥X[0,τ p]Y∥∥∥2

d [M]τ p ≤∫ t

0∥Y∥2 d [M]

Now letting τ p→ ∞, [(∫ (·)

0(Y,dM)

)](t)≤

∫ t

0∥Y∥2 d [M]

Next is the case in which Y is continuous in t but not necessarily bounded nor assumedto be in any kind of L2 space either.

Definition 66.0.16 Let Y be continuous in t and adapted. Let M be a continuous localmartingale M (0) = 0. Then the definition of a local martingale

∫ t0 (Y,dM) is as follows.

Let τ p be an increasing sequence of stopping times for which [M]τ p ,∥Mτ p∥ ,∥∥∥X[0,τ p]Y

∥∥∥are all bounded by p. Then∫ t

0(Y,dM)≡ lim

p→∞

∫ t

0

(X[0,τ p]Y,dMτ p

)Then it is clear that X[0,τ p]Y ∈ G . Therefore, the above Theorem yields the following

corollary.

Corollary 66.0.17 The above definition is well defined. Also this makes∫ t

0 (Y,dM) a localmartingale. In particular,∫ t∧τ p

0(Y,dM) =

∫ t

0

(X[0,τ p]Y,dMτ p

)In addition to this, if σ is any stopping time,∫ t∧σ

0(Y,dM) =

∫ t

0

(X[0,σ ]Y,dM

)In this last formula, X[0,σ ]Y has the same properties as Y, being the pointwise limit on[0,T ] of a bounded seuqence of elementary functions for each ω . In addition to this, thereis an estimate for the quadratic variation[∫ (·)

0(Y,dM)

](t)≤

∫ t

0∥Y∥2 d [M]

2286 CHAPTER 66. THE INTEGRAL {\ (Y,dM),,From the above definition, for each @ off a suitable set of measure zero, from Lemma66.0.13,t\o t\O t,[ (Yam) = tim [ (2j0.,)% 4M")peoot ot= lm P (Z7.2,] Zin.0i¥-4M"? ) =| (20,0)Y,dM)poresFinally, consider the claim about the quadratic variation. Using 66.0.6,(Lan)f"0-[(Ewa)"] n= [fet 2 t<[ \|Z%o.)¥|| am < [ iviraim0 [0,7] 0( va) Ws [ lV? a[M|)Next is the case in which Y is continuous in t but not necessarily bounded nor assumedto be in any kind of L” space either.Now letting T, > ~,Definition 66.0.16 Let Y be continuous in t and adapted. Let M be a continuous localmartingale M (0) =0. Then the definition of a local martingale {}(Y,dM) is as seen|Zio, Tp|Let Tp be an increasing sequence of stopping times for which |M]are all bounded by p. Thent t=] Tp[ (Y.dM) = lim | (Zj0.,)%. 4M")p-reoThen it is clear that Kio, zp]* € Y. Therefore, the above Theorem yields the followingcorollary.Corollary 66.0.17 The above definition is well defined. Also this makes {j (Y,dM) a localmartingale. In particular,[ Oy aM) = [ (Z0.2,)¥ dM"? )In addition to this, if 0 is any stopping time,t\O t[ (Y,dM) = [ (2j0,0)Y,dM)In this last formula, 2i9,5)¥ has the same properties as Y, being the pointwise limit on(0, 7] of a bounded seugence of elementary functions for each @. In addition to this, thereis an estimate for the quadratic variation[eam] 0 )< f iviratm