990 CHAPTER 27. ORLITZ SPACES

which converges to zero as i→ ∞. Therefore, if the Fi are disjoint and F = ∪∞i=1Fi, let

Sm ≡ ∪mi=1Fi so that Sm ↑ F. Then since XSm →XF in EA (Ω) and L is continuous,

λ (F) ≡ L(XF) = limm→∞

L(XSm)

= limm→∞

m

∑i=1

L(XFi) =∞

∑i=1

λ (Fi) .

Next observe that λ is absolutely continuous with respect to µ. To see this, supposeµ (F) = 0. Then if t > 0, ∫

A(

XF (x)t

)dµ = 0 < 1

for all t > 0 and so ||XF ||A = 0. Therefore, λ (F)≡ L(XF) = 0.It follows by the Radon Nikodym theorem there exists v ∈ L1 (Ω) such that

L(XF) = λ (F) =∫

Fvdµ.

Therefore, for all s ∈ S,L(s) =

∫F

svdµ. (27.2.19)

I need to show that v is actually in LÃ (Ω) . If v = 0 a.e., there is nothing to prove so assumethis is not so. Let u be defined by.

u(x)≡

{Ã(

r|v(x)|||L||

)/ v(x)||L|| if v(x) ̸= 0

0 if v(x) = 0.(27.2.20)

for r ∈ (0,1) . Now let

Fn ≡ {x : |u(x)| ≤ n}∩{x : v(x) ̸= 0} (27.2.21)

and defineun (x)≡ u(x)XFn (x) . (27.2.22)

I claim ||un||A ≤ 1. It is clear that since µ (Ω)< ∞, un ∈ EA (Ω) . If ||un||A > 1, Then for ε

small enough,||un||A− ε > 1

and so, by convexity of A and the fact that A(0) = 0,

1 <∫

A(|un (x)|||un||A− ε

)dµ ≤ 1

||un||A− ε

∫Ω

A(|un (x)|)dµ

and so, letting ε→ 0+ and using 27.1.6 and convexity of A as in the proof of the preceedingproposition,

||un||A ≤∫

A(|un (x)|)dµ ≤∫

Fn

A(

rÃ(

r |v(x)|||L||

)/

r |v(x)|||L||

)dµ

≤ r∫

Fn

A(

Ã(

r |v(x)|||L||

)/

r |v(x)|||L||

)dµ ≤ r

∫Fn

Ã(

r |v(x)|||L||

)dµ

≤ r1||L||

∫Fn

u(x)v(x)dµ =r||L||

∫Ω

unvdµ. (27.2.23)

990 CHAPTER 27. ORLITZ SPACESwhich converges to zero as i + oo. Therefore, if the F; are disjoint and F = U2, Fj, letSin = Ul" F; so that S,, ¢ F. Then since 2s,, > 2p in E, (Q) and L is continuous,A(F) = L( pr) = lim L(%q)= lim YL(%%) = LAA.i=l i=lNext observe that A is absolutely continuous with respect to LW. To see this, supposeLL (F) =0. Then if t > 0,[a(2®@) au=o<1Q tfor all t > 0 and so ||.2F||, =0. Therefore, A (F) =L(2-) =0It follows by the Radon Nikodym theorem there exists v € L' (Q) such thatL(2p) =A(F) = [awTherefore, for all s € S,L(s) = | svd LL. (27.2.19)FI need to show that v is actually in Lz (Q). If v= 0 a.e., there is nothing to prove so assumethis is not so. Let u be defined by.u(x) = {AU NG i) i 70 (27.2.20)Oif v(x) =for r € (0,1). Now letF, = {x: |u(x)| <n} N{x: v(x) 40} (27.2.21)and defineUn (xX) = u(x) ZF, (x). (27.2.22)Iclaim ||up||4 < 1. It is clear that since pt (Q) < %, uy € E, (Q). If ||un||4 > 1, Then for €small enough,\|unll4-€ > 1and so, by convexity of A and the fact that A (0) = 0,t< fa (pee) au < [Allon ondaand so, letting € 0+ and using 27.1.6 and convexity of A as in the proof of the preceedingproposition,[Aluncoipaws [a (ea (FN) (AON) ay“Ja(4 (Ear) iar Je seha Cha)1 r< r— u(x)v()du = | unvdL. (27.2.23)I|L\| JF I|L|| JoIA|||IA