2186 CHAPTER 64. WIENER PROCESSES

Proof: First, there exists a sequence{

ξ i j

}(i, j)∈N×N

such that the{

ξ i j

}are indepen-

dent and each normally distributed with mean 0 and variance 1. This follows from Lemma64.1.2. Let {ξ i}

i=1 be independent and normally distributed with mean 0 and variance 1.(Let θ be a one to one and onto map from N to N×N. Then define ξ i j ≡ ξ

θ−1(i, j).)

Let

ψk (t) =∞

∑j=1

(X[0,t],g j

)L2 ξ k j (64.3.9)

where{

g j}

is a orthonormal basis for L2 (0,∞). By Corollary 64.1.4, this defines a realWiener process satisfying 64.3.8. It remains to show that the random variables

ψkr(tq)−ψkr

(tq−1

)(64.3.10)

are independent.Let

P =n

∑q=1

m

∑r=1

sqr(ψkr

(tq)−ψkr

(tq−1

))and consider E

(eiP). I want to use Proposition 59.11.1 on Page 1891. To do this I need to

show E(eiP)

equals

n

∏q=1

m

∏r=1

E(exp(isqr(ψkr

(tq)−ψkr

(tq−1

)))).

Using 64.3.9, E(eiP)

equals

E

(exp

(i

n

∑q=1

m

∑r=1

sqr

∑j=1

(X[tq−1,tq],g j

)L2

ξ kr j

))

= limN→∞

E

(exp

(i

n

∑q=1

m

∑r=1

sqr

N

∑j=1

(X[tq−1,tq],g j

)L2

ξ kr j

))Now the ξ kr j are independent by construction. Therefore, the above equals

= limN→∞

n

∏q=1

m

∏r=1

N

∏j=1

E(

exp(

isqr

(X[tq−1,tq],g j

)L2

ξ kr j

))

= limN→∞

n

∏q=1

m

∏r=1

N

∏j=1

exp(−1

2s2

qr

(X[tq−1,tq],g j

)2

L2

)

=n

∏q=1

m

∏r=1

limN→∞

exp

(−1

2s2

qr

N

∑j=1

(X[tq−1,tq],g j

)2

L2

)

=n

∏q=1

m

∏r=1

exp(−1

2s2

qr(tq− tq−1

))

2186 CHAPTER 64. WIENER PROCESSESProof: First, there exists a sequence {6 i} such that the {8 ib are indepen-(i,j)ENxNdent and each normally distributed with mean 0 and variance |. This follows from Lemma64.1.2. Let {€;};° , be independent and normally distributed with mean 0 and variance 1.(Let 6 be a one to one and onto map from N to N x N. Then define Si = Solis)LetY(t) =Ms:(2j0n-8i) > Ski (64.3.9)1Jwhere {gj} is a orthonormal basis for L? (0,c°). By Corollary 64.1.4, this defines a realWiener process satisfying 64.3.8. It remains to show that the random variablesWi, (tq) — We, (tg-1) (64.3.10)are independent.Letand consider E (e’”) . I want to use Proposition 59.11.1 on Page 1891. To do this I need toshow E (ei? ) equalsiMr (Wi, (tq) — We, (tq-1))nemE (exp (isge (Wa, (tg) Ws, (t-1))))-Ilmng=lrUsing 64.3.9, E (e’”) equalssol EEE(%.00h5)q=l\r=1nom N= jim E [oo ( y Lesa » (Zia vel 81) ex)g=lr= j=Now the €,, j are independent by construction. Therefore, the above equals= tim FITTTT (2 (2, 08a)lr=1j=1= lim PLL e (-45 ic (Zi sa®/)as)g=\r=1 j=1=l| I|i= i=is isg n=so) $8“~ aSalWI ao}gb |eoSS= Me:7, aN_==gsnN"NOnn’__=”