546 CHAPTER 19. HILBERT SPACES

if

y(x) =∫ b

aG(t,x)g(t)dt (19.8.49)

where

G(t,x) ={

c−1 (v(x)u(t)) if t < xc−1 (v(t)u(x)) if t > x

. (19.8.50)

where c is the constant of Proposition 19.8.1 which satisfies p(x)W (u,v)(x) = c.

Proof: Why does y solve the equation 19.8.48 along with the boundary conditions?

y(x) =1c

∫ x

ag(t)u(t)v(x)dt +

1c

∫ b

xg(t)v(t)u(x)dt

Differentiate

y′ (x) =1c

g(x)u(x)v(x)+1c

∫ x

ag(t)u(t)v′ (x)dt

−1c

g(x)v(x)u(x)+1c

∫ b

xg(t)v(t)u′ (x)dt

=1c

∫ x

ag(t)u(t)v′ (x)dt +

1c

∫ b

xg(t)v(t)u′ (x)dt

Then

p(x)y′ (x) =1c

∫ x

ag(t)u(t) p(x)v′ (x)dt +

1c

∫ b

xg(t)v(t) p(x)u′ (x)dt

Then (p(x)y′ (x))′ =

1c

g(x) p(x)u(x)v′ (x)− 1c

g(x) p(x)v(x)u′ (x)

+1c

∫ x

ag(t)u(t)

(p(x)v′ (x)

)′ dt +1c

∫ b

xg(t)v(t)

(p(x)u′ (x)

)′ dt

From the definition of c, this equals

= g(x)+1c

∫ x

ag(t)u(t)

(p(x)v′ (x)

)′ dt +1c

∫ b

xg(t)v(t)

(p(x)u′ (x)

)′ dt

= g(x)+1c

∫ x

ag(t)u(t)(−r (x)v(x))dt +

1c

∫ b

xg(t)v(t)(−r (x)u(x))dt

= g(x)− r (x)(

1c

∫ x

ag(t)u(t)v(x)dt +

1c

∫ b

xg(t)v(t)u(x)dt

)= g(x)− r (x)y(x)

Thus (p(x)y′ (x)

)′+ r (x)y(x) = g(x)

546 CHAPTER 19. HILBERT SPACESify(x)= | ” Gtx) g(t) dt (19.8.49)where-| .FS (19.8.50)where c is the constant of Proposition 19.8.1 which satisfies p(x) W (u,v) (x) =c.Proof: Why does y solve the equation 19.8.48 along with the boundary conditions?=< [sou x)dt+— [etnDifferentiateyx) = vs [eur coarg(x x)+— ue=< [8 g(t x)dt+— [so g(tThen=< [sou vears+ [ecv(Then (p(x)y’ (x))! =£2) pula) (x) ~ 29) p(x) v(a)al (a)+2 [sul (p(x) w)'arst Pern (p(x)u! (x))'dtFrom the definition of c, this equals+4 feu (rey wyars* [grt (eu eo) atst (u(t) (-rer@ar+* ["g(eyv( (x))arcolt famooes! fain= g(x) —r(x)y(x)Thus