70.3. MEASURABILITY IN FINITE DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS 2399

70.3 Measurability In Finite Dimensional ProblemsWhat follows is like the Peano existence theorem from ordinary differential equations ex-cept that it provides a solution which retains product measurability. It is a nice example ofthe above theory. It will be used in the next section in the Galerkin method.

Lemma 70.3.1 Suppose N(t,u,v,w,ω) ∈ Rd for u,v,w ∈ Rd , t ∈ [0,T ] and

(t,u,v,w,ω)→ N(t,u,v,w,ω)

is progressively measurable relative to the filtration consisting of the single σ algebra F .Also suppose that (t,u,v,w)→ N(t,u,v,w,ω) is continuous and that also N(t,u,v,w,ω)is uniformly bounded in (t,u,v,w) by M (ω) . Let f be P measurable and f(·,ω) ∈L2([0,T ] ;Rd

). Then for h > 0, there exists a P measurable solution u to the integral

equation

u(t,ω)−u0(ω)+∫ t

0N(s,u(s,ω),u(s−h,ω) ,w(s,ω)ω)ds =

∫ t

0f(s,ω)ds.

Here u0 has values in Rd and is F measurable, u(s−h,ω) ≡ u0 (ω) if s−h < 0 and forw0 a given F measurable function,

w(t,ω)≡ w0 (ω)+∫ t

0u(s,ω)ds.

Proof: Let un be the solution to the following equation:

un (t,ω)−u0(ω)+∫ t

0N(s,τ1/nun(s,ω),un (s−h,ω) ,τ1/nwn(s,ω),ω

)ds

=∫ t

0f(s,ω)ds.

where here τ1/n is defined as follows. For δ > 0,

τδ u(s)≡{

u(s−δ ) if s > δ

0 if s−δ ≤ 0

It follows that (t,ω)→ un (t,ω) is P measurable. From the assumptions on N, it followsthat for fixed ω,{un (·,ω)} is uniformly bounded:

supt∈[0,T ]

|un (t,ω)| ≤ |u0(ω)|+∫ T

0M (ω)ds+

∫ T

0|f(s,ω)|ds =: C (ω) ,

and is also equicontinuous because for s < t,

|un (t,ω)−un (s,ω)|

≤∫ t

s

∣∣N(r,τ1/nun(r,ω),un (r−h,ω) ,τ1/nwn (r,ω) ,ω)∣∣dr

70.3. MEASURABILITY IN FINITE DIMENSIONAL PROBLEMS 239970.3. Measurability In Finite Dimensional ProblemsWhat follows is like the Peano existence theorem from ordinary differential equations ex-cept that it provides a solution which retains product measurability. It is a nice example ofthe above theory. It will be used in the next section in the Galerkin method.Lemma 70.3.1 Suppose N (t,u,v,w,@) € R¢ for u,v,w € R¢,t € [0,7] and(t, u, Vv, w,Q) > N (t, U, Vv, W,@)is progressively measurable relative to the filtration consisting of the single 6 algebra F.Also suppose that (t,u,v,w) — N(t,u,v,w,@) is continuous and that also N (t,u,Vv,Ww,@)is uniformly bounded in (t,u,v,w) by M(@). Let f be Y measurable and f(-,@) €LV? ({0, T] :R4). Then for h > 0, there exists a Y measurable solution u to the integralequationw (1,00) —uo(o) + [ N(s,u(s,00),u(s—h,00),w(s,0)0)ds= | £(s,0)ds.Here ug has values in R4 and is ¥ measurable, u(s —h,@) = uo (@) if s —h < 0 and forWo a given F measurable function,tw(t,@) = wo (a) +f u(s,@)ds.0Proof: Let u,, be the solution to the following equation:tu, (t,@) —up(@) + [ N (5,11 Un(8,),Un (8 —h, @), T1 ,Wn(8; 00), 00) dst= I f(s,@)ds.0where here T, /, is defined as follows. For 5>0,_ f u(s—d) ifs>6rauls)={ 0ifs—5<0It follows that (t,@) — u, (t,@) is Y measurable. From the assumptions on N, it followsthat for fixed , {u, (-, @)} is uniformly bounded:T Tsup |u, (t,@)| < luo()|-+ [ M(a)ds+ | If (s,@)|ds =:C(a),te [0,7] 0 0and is also equicontinuous because for s < f,lun (t,@) — up (s, @)|t< / IN (7,71 nn, @),Un (r—h, ®) ,T1/nWn (7, @),@)|drs